The science of footstep recognition

Hunting for scientific sources to aide my audio paper, I’ve come across a variety of scientific papers and articles that have piqued my interest. Listed below are all of the relevant sources that I think I’ll manage to get some good information from.

Gait recognition from (geophones?):

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/footstep-sensors-identify-people-by-gait/

Gait recognition from pressure pads:

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsif.2011.0430

Vibration and sound signatures of human footsteps in buildings:

https://asa.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1121/1.2217371

Altering Walking Sounds to Change Perceived Body Weight, Emotional State and Gait:

https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/2702123.2702374

Article that shows how much attention goes into footsteps (foley):

​​http://www.marblehead.net/foley/feet.html

Human recognition patterns in footsteps in buildings (geophones again, talking about a variety of studies?):

https://asa.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1121/1.2217371

There’s some very interesting pieces on gait recognition, which might become a big focus of my essay? Although, trying to gather my own data on gait recognition might be very difficult and arduous. One of these gait recognition studies used pressure pads and measured 2D pressure responses over time with a ‘carpet’ of sensors; this doesn’t help me with any audio related work, except perhaps shedding some light on just how much data footsteps contain. The study was able to correctly identify each footstep with 99.8% accuracy.

There seemed to be a few studies that used some sort of hyper-sensitive geophones to utilise structures as sensors, amplifying the super low frequencies that occur within buildings during walking. This seemed more relevant to my interests; there are really low frequency signatures made by footsteps that we can perhaps perceive subconsciously?

I also looked into how individuals come to recognise the footsteps of others in their homes, especially family members – although none of my research into that specific topic is linked above.

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